Computer memory refers to devices that are used to store data or programs on a temporary or permanent basis for use in an electronic digital computer. Memory is the workspace for the computer’s processor. It is a temporary storage are where the programs and data being operated on by the processor must reside. Memory storage is considered temporary because the data and programs remain there only as long as the computer has electrical power or is not reset. Before being shut down or reset, any data that has been changed should be saved to a more permanent storage device (usually a hard disk) so it can be reloaded into memory in the future.
TYPES OF MEMORY:
There are two types of memory –
1.Volatile
2.Non volatile
Volatile memory :- volatile memory is computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information. Current semiconductor volatile memory technology is usually either static or dynamic RAM. Static RAM exhibits data reminisce, but is still volatile, since all data is lost when memory is not powered. Where as, dynamic RAM allows data to be leaked and disappear automatically without a refreshing. Upcoming volatile memory technologies that hope to replace or compete with SRAM and DRAM include Z-RAM,TTRAM and A-RAM.
Non volatile :- Non volatile memory is computer memory that can retain the stored information even when not powered. Examples of non-volatile memory include read-only memory, flash memory, most types of magnetic computer storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape), optical discs and early computer storage methods such as paper tape and punch cards.
MAIN MEMORY (RAM)
The main memory of the computer is also known as RAM, standing for Random Access Memory. RAM is the place in a computer where the operating system, application programs, and data in current use are kept so that they can be quickly reached by the computer’s processor. RAM is much faster to read from and write to than the other kinds of storage in a computer. However, the data in RAM stays there only as long as computer is running. When turn computer on again, operating system and other files are once again loaded into RAM. RAM is called “random access” because any storage location can be accessed directly. RAM is organized and controlled in a way that enables data to be stored and retrieved directly to specific locations.
STATIC, DYNAMIC RAM and CMOS RAM
Static RAM :- In static RAM, a form of flip-flop holds each bit of memory. A static memory cell takes a lot more space on a chip than a dynamic memory cell and it does require a refreshing circuit.
Dynamic RAM :- A dynamic RAM is the most common type of memory in use today. Inside a dynamic RAM chip, each memory cell holds one bit of information and is made up of two parts: a transistor and a capacitor. It requires refreshing circuits.
CMOS RAM :- CMOS stands for complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. In PCs, CMOS is more specifically referred to as CMOS RAM. This is a tiny 64-byte region of memory that, thanks to the battery power, retains data when the PC is shut off. The information stored in CMOS is required by a computer´s BIOS.
TYPES OF MEMORY:
There are two types of memory –
1.Volatile
2.Non volatile
Volatile memory :- volatile memory is computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information. Current semiconductor volatile memory technology is usually either static or dynamic RAM. Static RAM exhibits data reminisce, but is still volatile, since all data is lost when memory is not powered. Where as, dynamic RAM allows data to be leaked and disappear automatically without a refreshing. Upcoming volatile memory technologies that hope to replace or compete with SRAM and DRAM include Z-RAM,TTRAM and A-RAM.
Non volatile :- Non volatile memory is computer memory that can retain the stored information even when not powered. Examples of non-volatile memory include read-only memory, flash memory, most types of magnetic computer storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape), optical discs and early computer storage methods such as paper tape and punch cards.
MAIN MEMORY (RAM)
The main memory of the computer is also known as RAM, standing for Random Access Memory. RAM is the place in a computer where the operating system, application programs, and data in current use are kept so that they can be quickly reached by the computer’s processor. RAM is much faster to read from and write to than the other kinds of storage in a computer. However, the data in RAM stays there only as long as computer is running. When turn computer on again, operating system and other files are once again loaded into RAM. RAM is called “random access” because any storage location can be accessed directly. RAM is organized and controlled in a way that enables data to be stored and retrieved directly to specific locations.
STATIC, DYNAMIC RAM and CMOS RAM
Static RAM :- In static RAM, a form of flip-flop holds each bit of memory. A static memory cell takes a lot more space on a chip than a dynamic memory cell and it does require a refreshing circuit.
Dynamic RAM :- A dynamic RAM is the most common type of memory in use today. Inside a dynamic RAM chip, each memory cell holds one bit of information and is made up of two parts: a transistor and a capacitor. It requires refreshing circuits.
CMOS RAM :- CMOS stands for complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. In PCs, CMOS is more specifically referred to as CMOS RAM. This is a tiny 64-byte region of memory that, thanks to the battery power, retains data when the PC is shut off. The information stored in CMOS is required by a computer´s BIOS.
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